Treatment of Diabetes
Diabetes eTraining Slide 9

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People with both types of diabetes need to manage their diet and physical activity. 

With both type 1 or type 2 diabetes, the goal of effective diabetes management is to control blood glucose levels by keeping them within a target range that is individually determined for each child and must be managed 24 hours a day.

The key to optimal diabetes control is a careful balance of food, physical activity, and insulin and/or oral medication. 

As a general rule:

  • Insulin/oral medication and physical activity makes blood glucose levels go down. 
  • Food makes blood glucose levels go up. 
  • Several other factors, such as stress, illness or injury, also can affect blood glucose levels.

Optimal blood glucose control is essential to:

  • Promote normal growth and development and allow for optimal learning.
  • Prevent the immediate dangers of blood glucose that is either too high or too low.

Routine Care:

  • Many students will be able to handle all or almost all of their routine  diabetes care by themselves – they can check their own blood glucose, and they can dose and give their own insulin or medication, keeping it in balance with physical activity and food intake.
  • Some students, because of age, developmental level, or inexperience, will need help from school staff, including performing tasks like insulin administration, blood glucose monitoring, or carbohydrate counting.

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